Digital Learning

Showing posts with label MS Office. Show all posts
Showing posts with label MS Office. Show all posts

Wednesday, December 16, 2020

How to add a space in above and below of all pages in Microsoft Word 2007?

How to add a amount of space above and below of all pages in MS Word 2007?

MS Word is an application software which is used for typing different types of documents like application, letters, bio-data, resume, invitation etc. We can type and formatting of documents in MS Word. 
Formatting means editing of documents like bold, italic, underline, font style, font size, left margin, right margin, center margin, justify and adding space between two sentences, two words, two paragraph, before and after paragraph, above and below the pages in a documents.

We can add space above a page and below a page of document. There are different ways two add space above and below pages in a document. 

One easy way to add space before and after page in a document is using ruler. Using ruler we can add space at top and bottom of a page in a document.

Steps to add space at top and bottom of pages in a document are:
1. Open MS word.
2. Click on view tab on ribbon of MS Word.
3. Click the check box of Ruler to enable ruler on pages.

4. To add space on top of pages click ruler, hold it and drag down how much space you need on top of page.

5. To add space at bottom of pages click ruler, hold it and drag up, how much space you need at bottom of pages.

Saturday, May 9, 2020

Functions in MS Excel:

Using Auto Functions:
MS Excel has some auto functions i.e. Sum, Max, Average, Min etc. These features are available on the formula tab under function library group.
     1.     AutoSum: This function finds the sum of selected cells in a sheet. There is no need to write the cell reference of all the cells, you can select the cells to be added or click on ∑ sign on formula tab to get the result. The formula bar in this case will display the formula.
2.     Average: This function as the name suggests, find the average values of selected cells in a sheet.
3.     Min: It search and displays the minimum value from the selected range of cells in a worksheet. For example, 43 from cell A1 to A6 using formula=Min (A1:A6).
4.     Max: It finds and displays the maximum value from the selected range of cells in a worksheet. For example, 87 from cell A1 to A6 using formula =Max (A1:A6).
5.     Count: This function counts the number of values written in the selected range of cells which is 8 for cells A1 to A8 using formula = Count (A1:A8).

Function
To Summarize
Sum
The sum of the values in a list. This is the default function for numeric data.
For example,
= SUM(5, 5) gives a result 10
= SUM(A1, B4, C3) will give a result 9 if A1 has 3, B4 has 4 and C3 has 2
= SUM(A1: A4) will result in 12 if A1 is 2, A2 is 3, A3 is 3 and A4 is 4
= SUM(A1: A4, 2) will give a result 12
= SUM (TRUE, FALSE) result will be 1 if true, result will be 0 if false.
= SUM(“5″, “6”) will result in 11
Average
The average of the values.
Max
The largest value in a list.
Min
The smallest value in a list.
Product
The result of multiplying all the values in a list.
Count
The number of records or rows in a list that contains numeric data.
Building a Formula:If you click on the formulas tab on Ribbon, you will get a menu, displaying all the built-in functions ranging from financial to logical functions. You can select and apply the function of your requirement.

IF Function: IF function returns one value if a specified condition is TRUE and another value if that condition evaluates to FALSE condition. For example,= IF(b3>c5, “5”, “0”). It will compare value in cell a b3 with that in c5. If b3>c5, this condition is true, the result will display 5, if condition is false then result will display zero.
Formulas in Microsoft Excel follow a specific syntax that always start with equal sign (=) followed by the elements to be calculated i.e. operands which are separated by calculation operators (+, -, *, / etc.).
Following components can be used for making a formula:
1.     Value: Numeric, e.g., 55.2, String, e.g., “Super Computer”.
2.     Cell Address: A11, A2: B9, Sheet 3!B5.
3.     Function: Sum ( ), Average ( ), Max ( ), Min ( ), Count ( ).
4.     Operators: A, * and / , + and – (Mathematical operators), =, < >, >=, <=, >, < (Relational operators) AND, OR, NOT (Logical operators).
5.     Parenthesis: To control the order of operator precedence, e.g., = (A6 + A11)/B8.
6.     File Name: For example, excel2.xls to link the formula to another workbook.
7.     Use of Values: Values can be joined by using mathematical operators, e.g.,= 20 + 195.6 + 5.2 * 61. The cell will display the result of this expansion and formula will be displayed on the formula bar.
Errors Encountered:
When you enter a formula, Excel may give one of the following errors:
1.     #### = The column is not wide enough according to the need of a formula.
2.     # Div/0 = It means-Division by zero
3.     # N/A = It means-Data is not available
4.     # Name = It means- The cell reference is not known to Excel.
5.     # NUM = It means- The number being used in formula is not acceptable.
6.     # REF! = It means- The cell being referred to is not valid or has been deleted.
7.     # Value! = It means- Formula has an invalid operator.
Auto Correct:
This feature helps in checking the spellings and corrects them. Steps for auto correct spellings are:
      1.     Review
      2.     Spelling
      3.     Auto Correct.
A dialog box will appear where you can enter the misspelled word and you can find the correct spelling.
Insert Comment:
Comments are actually notes that we can add to a cell. A cell showing a small red triangle on its upper right corner that indicates there is a comment attached to the cell which can be viewed by moving the pointer over the cell and click.
·         To add a comment, select the cell and click on new comment option on comments group. A text box will appear near the cell you can type your text in this box.
·       To view the comment, click on the cell, to view all the comments on the worksheet. Show All Comments from Review tab comment group.

PRINTING FROM EXCEL:
To print a excel file follow the following steps:
·        Click on Office button.
·        Choose Print option.
·        Select Active sheet to print only the sheet selected, Select Entire Workbook to print all the worksheets.
·        Set Print Area: You can print specific area of a sheet. To print a specific area   select the particular are and click on print.
·        Click File —Print Area —Select Print Area.
·        Click File —Print.

Friday, May 8, 2020

Inserting Charts, WordArt, Shapes, ClipArt in MS Excel:

Insert Tab Features in MS Excel:
Insert Tab features are most frequently used features in MS Excel. Insert tab features helps us to insert Chart, Word Art, Clip Art, Shapes, Pictures, Smart Art, Tables, Header & Footer, Symbols etc in a Worksheet to make worksheet more presentable. As we know Insert tab has different groups. Some Insert tab groups are:

Monday, May 4, 2020

Formatting a Worksheet, Home Tab Features in MS Excel:

FORMATTING A WORKSHEET:
MS Excel has the features of formatting a worksheet. For formatting a worksheet, there are different tabs available. Some tabs are Home tab, Insert tab, Page layout tab, Formula tab etc. Each tab consist different groups and each group has several options. These options are used to formatting a worksheet in MS Excel.

Home Tab Features for Formatting a Worksheet:
Clipboard Group: Clipboard Group has some options like Copy, Cut, Format Painter and Paste.
  • Copy: It is used to copy the selected cells. It makes another copy of the selected cells.
  • Cut: It is used to cut the selected cells. It moves the selected cells into another location.
  • Paste: It is used to paste the copied or cut cells on other locations.
  • Format Painter: It is used to copy formatting from one place and apply the same formatting to multiple places in the document.

Sunday, May 3, 2020

Data- Input, Edit, Select and Modifying in MS Excel:

Enter Data in a Worksheet:
Data can be entered in a cell by selecting any cell or placing the cursor in the cell. When you will select a cell, the boundary of the cell will become bold and thick. Now you type the text or data in the cell. You can move around the active cell i.e. up, down, left and right by using arrows keys. When you will select a cell, it will be display in the formula bar so that you can also type text in the formula bar and typed text also display in the selected cell.

Editing Data in Worksheet:
After typing the text in a Worksheet you can make changes in the text. Changing in the text also called text editing. There are some steps for editing the data.
1.     Select the cell that you want to edit. Now type the new data, the new data will be entered in place of old data.
2.     To change a portion of a data, move mouse pointer at the position and double click. Now you can enter new portion of data.
3.     Selected cell data also appears in the formula bar so editing of data can also be done in the formula bar.